今天我们来看一个非常重要的函数:DIR()
创新互联公司是一家专业提供翁源企业网站建设,专注与成都网站制作、做网站、H5高端网站建设、小程序制作等业务。10年已为翁源众多企业、政府机构等服务。创新互联专业网站制作公司优惠进行中。
中文说明:不带参数时,返回当前范围内的变量、方法和定义的类型列表;带参数时,返回参数的属性、方法列表。如果参数包含方法__dir__(),该方法将被调用。如果参数不包含__dir__(),该方法将限度地收集参数信息。
参数object: 对象、变量、类型。
版本:该函数在python各个版本中都有,但是每个版本中显示的属性细节有所不同。使用时注意区别。
英文说明:
dir([object]) Without arguments, return the list of names in the current local scope. With an argument, attempt to return a list of valid attributes for that object. If the object has a method named __dir__(), this method will be called and must return the list of attributes. This allows objects that implement a custom __getattr__() or __getattribute__() function to customize the way dir() reports their attributes. If the object does not provide __dir__(), the function tries its best to gather information from the object’ s __dict__ attribute, if defined, and from its type object. The resulting list is not necessarily complete, and may be inaccurate when the object has a custom __getattr__(). The default dir() mechanism behaves differently with different types of objects, as it attempts to produce the most relevant, rather than complete, information: If the object is a module object, the list contains the names of the module’s attributes. If the object is a type or class object, the list contains the names of its attributes, and recursively of the attributes of its bases. Otherwise, the list contains the object’s attributes’ names, the names of its class’s attributes, and recursively of the attributes of its class’s base classes.
例如
>>>import struct >>>dir() # show the names in the module namespace ['__builtins__','__doc__','__name__','struct'] >>>dir(struct) # show the names in the struct module ['Struct','__builtins__','__doc__','__file__','__name__', '__package__','_clearcache','calcsize','error','pack','pack_into', 'unpack','unpack_from'] >>>class Shape(object): def __dir__(self): return ['area','perimeter','location'] >>> s= Shape() >>>dir(s)
['area', 'perimeter', 'location'] Note Because dir() is supplied primarily as a convenience for use at an interactive prompt, it tries to supply an interesting set of names more than it tries to supply a rigorously or consistently defined set of names, and its detailed behavior may change across releases. For example, metaclass attributes are not in the result list when the argument is a class.
代码实例
>>>dir() ['__builtins__','__doc__','__name__','__package__'] >>>import struct >>>dir() ['__builtins__','__doc__','__name__','__package__','struct'] >>>dir(struct) ['Struct','__builtins__','__doc__','__file__','__name__','__package__','_clearcache','calcsize','error','pack', 'pack_into','unpack','unpack_from'] >>>class Person(object): ... def __dir__(self): ... return ["name","age","country"] ... >>>dir(Person) ['__class__','__delattr__','__dict__','__dir__','__doc__','__format__','__getattribute__','__hash__','__init__', '__module__','__new__','__reduce__','__reduce_ex__','__repr__','__setattr__','__sizeof__','__str__','__subclasshook__', '__weakref__'] >>> tom= Person() >>>dir(tom) ['age','country','name']
当前题目:创新互联Python教程:python入门必会的助手函数:dir()函数
文章地址:http://www.36103.cn/qtweb/news21/15521.html
网站建设、网络推广公司-创新互联,是专注品牌与效果的网站制作,网络营销seo公司;服务项目有等
声明:本网站发布的内容(图片、视频和文字)以用户投稿、用户转载内容为主,如果涉及侵权请尽快告知,我们将会在第一时间删除。文章观点不代表本网站立场,如需处理请联系客服。电话:028-86922220;邮箱:631063699@qq.com。内容未经允许不得转载,或转载时需注明来源: 创新互联